家宴1998

孩子

第一次看dogma很新颖，有的时候镜头放得很低又跟得很近。大儿子幼时被性侵，现在他难以定心于一个女人。小儿子儿时被忽视、远送他乡(没经历过性侵或许也经历过家暴)，现在他粗鲁暴躁。

大女儿需要服用药物，不断说想回家，说明她不把自己生长的酒店当家；她的母亲见她男朋友时说“nice to see you back”而女儿说那是别人，说明她带过不止一个黑人男友回家；在宴会上几乎所有家庭成员都唱了歧视黑人的歌—— 或许女儿有的是一种反向的种族歧视，她交黑人男友是因为她受不了她家，她家是白人至上的、让她厌恶的白人家庭。

父母

最后父亲终于道歉了，可是他真的忏悔了吗？我看不出他感到很懊悔，虽然我也不知道感到抱歉的人看起来应该是怎样。所以，他的一句道歉，是屈服于道德还是屈服于暴力？小儿子已是个成年男人，把父亲揍倒在地，把母亲惊得花容失色。

母亲是不在乎的，只想维持和平的假象。宾客们也是不在意这整件事的。大儿子宣布秘密后，母亲很轻易地就能让宾客平静下来；看到父亲和母亲入场吃早餐，宾客们也继续聊着天，在父亲起身让大家安静前没有任何反应。对那个秘密的震惊是需要演出来的，但演完后又需要一个台阶下，母亲就总能发话给宾客一个台阶下，让他们回到冷漠的原样。

社会群体

那么，如果孩子们的精神问题是源于父亲和母亲，父亲和母亲的问题又是源于哪里？尽头在哪？

（超字数短评……这不是影评，没有什么特别的见解，只是提出一些问题）

‘I don’t think so. Looking at American society, I’m sure that there are a lot of families living on the surface, not thinking of what’s behind the facade. And that’s the topic of the film. There’s also a huge amount of Child abuse in American. At Cannes, many French journalists had to stop their interviews because they were crying. The reason that people say this is very Danish is explained by the rituals which we follow thoroughly in the film. The themes of the film are universal, although it doesn’t sound very humble to say that. ’

In the interview of Festen (Thomas Vinterberg, 1998), Vinterberg mainly mentioned that many families are different in appearance and inside in society. Many families will deliberately show their happiness and harmonious in front of outsiders. But inside the family, there are many unspeakable sadness and corruption. The director concentrate on Child abuse, the oppression of children by a family. This phenomenon is common, and the event in the film Festen is only a typical event, which is dramatized and revealed. The story takes place in the upper class, a class that pays more attention to hierarchy and dignity. The conservative tendency and patriarchal style of northern Europe can be better displayed in the upper class.

The whole family presents absurd "harmony" in the celebration, which can be regarded as the ultimate hypocrisy. With Christian's hand, director Thomas Vinterberg lift the fig leaf of a decent family and revealed the true face of the authoritative father. In the opinion of the director, the family is the only one institution that people can't choose and escape (Porton, 1999). In such a family environment, the primary task of each child is to maintain the glory and dignity of the family. Helena chooses to swallow the sadness after seeing her sister's suicide note and does not publish it to the public. After Michael seeing her sister's black boyfriend, he tries to drive him away in order to "not shame the family". This is tantamount to Fascism in the family, where individual interests are suppressed under collective interests. Christian is the eldest son favored by his father in the family. His character is modest, gentle and decent, which is in line with the image of a regular successor wanted by the big family at that time. His brother is ignorant, cynical and not valued. But no one thought that it was the eldest son who lit the smoke of "war" at home. Because the dead person is his twin sister. In such family oppression, the interaction between peers will be more important and the relationship between peers will be solid. His sister died under the pressure of the sexual assault of the authoritarian father.

In Denmark, one in 10 children will suffer from domestic violence, which seems to have become a part of society and is difficult to change in a short time (Porton, 1999). His father's behavior finally violated Christian's last line of defense, even if his behavior would disgrace the family and disgrace his father's majesty. He can't stand such a hypocritical family, and blames himself for failing to protect his suicidal sister. Then, the role of mother accounts for a small proportion in the film. In the patriarchal family, she is always around her husband. She speaks appropriately and behaves gracefully. However, after her son tells everybody the truth she had already known for many years, she chooses to cover up the facts and claims that Christian is suffering from paranoia. The false accusation against his son reflects that in this kind of family relationship, the oppression of the younger generation has become conventional. In the end, the father's exit will not completely destroy such a family relationship, Wood (1999) argued that even if patriarchy is overthrown immediately, it will still take several generations to gradually eliminate the imperceptible habit of universal rule.

Word count: 544

Reference list:

Kaufmann, M., Hald, B. (Producer), & Vinterberg, T. (Director). (1998). Festen [Motion Picture]. Denmark: Scanbox Danmark.

Porton, R. (1999, March 22). Something rotten in the state of Denmark: an interview with Thomas Vinterberg. Cineaste, 24(2–3), 17.

Wood, R, P. (1999). Humble guests at the celebration: an interview with Thomas Vinterberg and Ulrich Thomsen. CineAction, pp. 47-54.

对于冯疯子一直抱着敬畏的态度，对托马斯的了解则甚少，然后私以为既然已是同学又一起发起了dogma95，那也是“不疯魔不成活”类型了

手持摄影是个人很喜欢的风格，晃动镜头带来的真实感更添加了生活气氛。在庆祝欢愉的表象下，暗涌着资产阶级富豪名门望族的不堪肮脏，一个父亲猥亵了自己的亲生儿女。为什么会有人认为这样做可以这个问题比那些所有挂上未解之谜的问题还让人费解。是愿意相信，这个世界是善的不是么？可是至今这样的事情也依旧在发生。只能，希望你好。

‘There is also another reason, which may actually apply to Danish film and me, and which is very much a product of Danish film culture. I think that it has been very hard to liberate oneself from a film convention that possesses many qualities, but which in many ways envelopes you and weighs you down. Thomas Vinterbergsaid this in an interview about Festen, he talked about the reason why they set the Dogme rules. I believethe born of Dogme 95 is not an coincidence. It is kind of rebellion and dark humor. Iwant to talked about this and explain my personal understanding of Thomas Vinterberg’s words.

(BABETTE'S FEAST 1987)

The decade from 1980 to 1990 was probably one of the most important moments in the development of Danish film. The Danish government makes the strategies called ‘national film culture’ at the second half of 1980s. The annual subsidy of €67 million for films industry is based on this strategy (Cecilie, 2014). Compares to other country in Europe, the level of direct aid to film industry is above the average(Cecilie, 2014).You can even say that this is actuallythe Utopia of film. With investment and protection from the government, Denmark actually made many great films in this decade. However, with the great environment comes the invisible limitations. The huge market for film has also made it hard for filmmakers to create and express themselves as they wish, but instead they need to give what the audience want to see at cinema. And because of the impact of Hollywood more and more people joined the film industry. More than thirty people circling around the director, lights and assist director and many stuffs. The job of a director seems more like a man who try to makes a huge machine works instead of creates something. The creators enjoins the benefits but they cannot liberate themselffrom this situation in the mean time.

Until 1995, a group of young man stands out and built the Dogme 95. Then Festen as the first Dogme film was born. Being the first Dogme film means that Festen needs to abide by the 10 rules. Of course this rules are harsh and somehow deliberate things. But compares to the rules of film production now, it seems not that harsh. The fact is that the Dogme 95 try to make creating as the core not technology by go downs to a totally different way of film making. They refused the technology roughly and try to show what a film should be: a story.

(FESTEN mistake scene)

(Mistake scene in Idiot)

Very interesting things is one scene in Festen. If you are carefully enough, you may find a stick with camera which is reflected in a mirror. Obviously you should use your own hands to finish the shooting in Dogme film. But the director still did this for a more beautiful story. Consider other mistake scene in Dogme film.This tells that even they fight the new technology, but they still want a good film and story. Dogme is more about a spirit not absolute rebellion. Film is creating by the people, not the technology. 1995 is the year, it can not be late no more for the film production.

Interview from:

http://www.dogme95.dk/interviews/interview-with-thomas-vinterberg/

Reference:

Givskov, C. (2014). Institutionalization through Europeanization: the Danish film policy reforms of the 1980s and 1990s. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 20(3), 281–295. //doi-org.ez.xjtlu.edu.cn/10.1080/10286632.2013.786058

之前看过拉斯冯后面的作品，与早期道格码95也不一样，所以这算是我完整看的第一部了。p.s.道格玛的资源是真的难找，要不就是稀碎，死种子，要不就是没字幕。

总的来说跟我想象的还是不一样啊，纸上得来终觉浅，看了才知道戏剧张力很强的，虽然手法是纪实的，但剧情也是够硬核的。

有评论说这剧情老套，对我来说还好。印象比较深的是九号秘事第一集，故事内容也是差不多，但结构差很多，家宴更高级一点。九号里把这个核心故事当做一个让人细思极恐的奇观化的故事来呈现，满足观众的对家族密辛的偷窥欲，当真相暴露出来之后，故事戛然而止，观众更多是揣摩受害者的心理，回顾这种震惊带来的满足感。

而家宴更高一筹，作为社会动物的人，在一场关系复杂的宴会中，每个人的动机，心理都发展的很清楚和自然，这样除了受害者，还有了其他丰满的人物。

一个人面兽心的父亲，即使恶行在众人面前被揭穿，他仍能面不改色，试图说服和哄骗儿子，几次揭穿后他的反应都是递进的关系，从众人的反应也能看出他作为一个大资本家和父权形象的坚不可摧的特点。

小女儿的形象还好，可以想象她整个弧光的完成过程，由沉默到发声，她的仍具有善良的本质。

比较有意思的是小儿子的形象，从狠狠维护家族也就是他爹的荣誉到把他爹揍的满地找牙，肤浅一点说他还算是正义，但我又觉得他是被父权深深驯服的代表，殴打父亲的行为更大的动力是他心中父亲形象的崩塌给他带来的心理上的刺激，可以想象他的生活和思想都是以他爹的力量所塑造的，他是几个孩子里对他父亲依赖最深的，前面也多次渲染他精分的暴躁和卑躬屈膝，某种程度上他应该是有恋父或者说充满崇拜的倾向，当他开始知道父亲的真正道德品质的时候他是不信的，当他相信的时候就开始了崩溃，某种程度对他来说是一种自我摧毁。但另一方面，父亲倒塌之上他终于得以建立他自己真正的父权形象，早餐时的他已经焕然一新啦。（还有他长的好像郭京飞啊）

母亲也是比较有意思的。她一方面是被父亲压制的，是附庸，另一种层面上又是帮凶，是男女不对等权利下的畸形产物。看着父亲被小儿子赶下餐桌那副样子实际是有些惨的，当时我就在想，大反派已经溃败认错了，但其迫害深远的影响是无可挽回的，不止是受害者的伤害，还有对他妻子造成的心理畸形，比他本身还要持久。

另外，这个纪实拍摄的手法也是爱了，节奏性的镜头节奏性的剪辑其实都很精致。最绝的是这个画质。这个画质的垃圾程度让人有一种间离感，它真实地然你觉得这不是电影，真实地就像是自己拍的，反过来它又是一部电影。本质上是电影不能被高清镜头所规定，dv是最民主的载体，说的没毛病。因此再结合故事的只主要内容，大儿子几次努力推翻父亲霸权的民主斗争，形式和内容就一致了。